Monday, August 24, 2009

The Illustrious History Of The Saxophone

By Jim Samposzi

The saxophone, or sax, is a vibrant and widely used instrument born to the woodwind family of instruments. The sax is usually built of brass and is typically used in an orchestra, band, or other musical production. The saxophone has a big history in jazz and big band. But the saxophone has been an important edition to blues and more importantly, modern rock. This magnificent instrument has also been known to be included in military bands and processions.

The saxophone is a complicated instrument that consists of the following pieces:

Brass stock/horn

Single-reed mouthpiece

Tone holes (20-30)

Speaker holes

Keys (or pad cups)

Spit Valve

These parts of the instrument have been developed over the years to include richer sounds through engineering and development. The mouthpiece, as an example, has been built out of different metals, like: gold, silver, rubber, glass, wood, porcelain, crystal, or bone. Instrument makers throughout the years have tried all types of things to better the sound of saxophones.

Saxophones have made a lasting impression since their inception by Adolphe Sax in 1841. Sax was headstrong to develop an instrument that would fill the middle sound between all other woodwinds and instruments. He was very successful in his endeavors and the saxophone was the leading instrument in orchestras of the late 19th century. For military, the sax worked perfectly when set in a E and B pitch. Also, the saxophone was the perfect instrument to get a C and F tone. Later, the saxophone was key in jazz music and included the tone holes to produce pitches of all magnitudes (A, B, C, G, F, and E).

Eventually, Adolphe Sax's invention reached a patent expiration in 1866 which lead to the vast manufacturing of modern saxophones by many manufacturers. Later, in the 1950's, a gentleman by the name of M. Houvenaghel of Paris, introduced a great line of saxophones which had a single-tone key arrangement which enabled the musician to control octaves with just the thumb; this arrangement stuck with the sax and was used ongoing in sax production. Other kinds of saxophones were built and tried but this arrangement was said to be the most successful and created the best control over the tones of the sax.

In modern times, the saxophone is most popular in rock, jazz, and armed forces bands. They are usually made of either brass or bronze and differ in cost and usability. Preferences are made by most musicians of jazz and funk; most jazz musicians like mouthpieces with a lower chamber that generates a high baffle, louder, and richer melody. Other classical players look for a larger chamber because they tend to generate a softer, easier sound. No matter the band, the saxophone is the popular instrument in music of all types. From inception to advancement, the sax has made strides by leaps and bounds and is proven to be the instrument of choice for those who play jazz and funk.

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